Data beregnet til brug på Køge Gymnasium ved besvarelse af Moodle-opgaver. Disse data kan afvige lidt fra tilsvarende data i det anvendte undervisningsmateriale og i Databogen.
Konstant | Symbol | Værdi | |
---|---|---|---|
lysets hastighed | \( c \) | \( 3{,}00 \cdot 10^8 \, \mathrm{m/s}\) | |
elementarladningen | \( e \) | \( 1{,}602 \cdot 10^{-19} \, \mathrm{C} \) | |
Plancks konstant | \( h \) | \( 6{,}63 \cdot 10^{-34} \, \mathrm{J\,s} \) | |
Rydbergkonstanten | \( R \) | \( 1{,}097 \cdot 10^{7} \, \mathrm{m}^{-1} \) | |
tyngdeaccelerationen | \( g \) | \( 9{,}82 \, \mathrm{m/s^2} \) | |
atommasseenheden | \( u \) | \( 1{,}66 \cdot 10^{-27} \, \mathrm{kg} \) | |
gravitationskonstanten | \( G \) | \( 6{,}67 \cdot 10^{-11} \, \mathrm{N \, m^2 / kg^2} \) | |
Coulombkonstanten | \( k_C \) | \( 9{,}0 \cdot 10^{9} \, \mathrm{N \, m^2 / C^2} \) | |
gaskonstanten | \( R \) | \( 8{,}31 \, \mathrm{J/(mol \, K)} \) | |
Avogadros tal | \( N_{\mathrm{A}} \) | \( 6{,}02 \cdot 10^{23} \) | |
Hubbles konstant | \( H_0 \) | \( 22{,}4 \, \mathrm{\frac{km/s}{Mly}} \) |
Enhed | Symbol | Værdi |
---|---|---|
astronomisk enhed | \( \mathrm{AU} \) | \( 1{,}496 \cdot 10^{8} \, \mathrm{ m } \) |
lysår | \( \mathrm{ly} \) | \(9{,}46 \cdot 10^{15} \, \mathrm{ m } \) |
liter | \( \mathrm{L} \) | \( 10^{-3} \, \mathrm{ m^3 } \) |
kilowatttime | \( \mathrm{kWh} \) | \( 3{,}6 \cdot 10^{6} \, \mathrm{ J } \) |
atmosfære | \( \mathrm{atm} \) | \( 101{,}325 \, \mathrm{ kPa } \) |
elektronvolt | \( \mathrm{eV} \) | \( 1{,}602 \cdot 10^{-19} \, \mathrm{ J } \) |
Densitet (ved stuetemperatur) for udvalgte stoffer (afrundet til 3 betydende cifre):
Stof | \(\rho \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{g}{cm^3}} \right) \) | Stof | \(\rho \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{g}{cm^3}} \right) \) | Stof | \(\rho \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{g}{cm^3}} \right) \) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
vand | \( 0{,}998 \) | jern | \( 7{,}87 \) | luft (tør) | \( \phantom{0} 1{,}2 \cdot 10^{-3} \) | ||
sprit | \( 0{,}789 \) | kobber | \( 8{,}96 \) | helium | \( \phantom{0} 0{,}169 \cdot 10^{-3} \) | ||
akryl (plexiglas) | \( 1{,}18 \) | aluminium | \( 2{,}70 \) | polystyren (flamingo) (*) | \( \phantom{0} 0{,}96 \, \) | ||
olivenolie | \( 0{,}909 \) | zink | \( 7{,}14 \) | bly | \( 11{,}4 \) | ||
benzin | \( 0{,}708 \) | mættet saltopløsning | \( 1{,}19 \) | kviksølv | \( 13{,}5 \) |
Specifik varmekapacitet for udvalgte stoffer:
Stof | \( c \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{J}{kg \, {}^\circ C}} \right)\) | Stof | \( c \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{J}{kg \, {}^\circ C}} \right)\) | Stof | \( c \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{J}{kg \, {}^\circ C}} \right)\) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
vand | \( 4 \, 181 \) | jern | \( \phantom{0} \, 449 \) | tør luft | \( 1 \, 003{,}5 \) | ||
sprit | \( 2 \, 440 \) | aluminium | \( \phantom{0} \, 897 \) | \(\mathrm{CO}_2\) | \( \phantom{0} \, 839 \) | ||
glycerol | \( 2 \, 409 \) | træ | \( 1 \, 700 \) | glas | \( \phantom{0} \, 840 \) | ||
benzin | \( 2 \, 220 \) | granit | \( \phantom{0} \, 790 \) | salt (NaCl) | \( \phantom{0} \, 630 \) | ||
kropsvæv | \( 3 500 \) | teglsten | \( \phantom{0} \, 840 \) | is | \( 2 \, 050 \) |
Stof | \( L_{\mathrm{s}} \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{kJ}{kg}} \right)\) | Stof | \( L_{\mathrm{s}} \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{kJ}{kg}} \right)\) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
vand | \( 334 \) | nitrogen | \( \phantom{0} 25{,}7 \) | |
ammoniak | \( 332 \) | salt (NaCl) (*) | \( 516{,}7 \) | |
bly | \( \phantom{0} 23{,}0 \) | aluminium (*) | \( 395{,}4 \) |
Stof | \( L_{\mathrm{f}} \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{kJ}{kg}} \right)\) | Stof | \( L_{\mathrm{f}} \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{kJ}{kg}} \right)\) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
vand | \( 2 \, 265 \) | bly | \( \phantom{0} \, 871 \) | |
ammoniak | \( 1 \, 369 \) | nitrogen | \( \phantom{0} \, 200 \) |
Stof | \( B \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{MJ}{kg}} \right)\) | Stof | \( B \,\, \left( \mathrm{\frac{MJ}{kg}} \right)\) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
hydrogen | \( 141{,}9 \) | kul (stenkul) (*) | \( 31{,}4 \) | |
metan | \( \phantom{0} 55{,}50 \) | træ | \( 21{,}2 \) | |
propan | \( \phantom{0} 50{,}35 \) | sprit | \( 29{,}7 \) | |
diesel | \( \phantom{0} 44{,}80 \) | benzin | \( 47{,}0 \) |
Solens masse: \( 1{,}99 \cdot 10^{30} \, \mathrm{kg} \)
Jordens radius: \( 6{,}471 \cdot 10^6 \, \mathrm{m} \)
Månens masse: \( 7{,}34 \cdot 10^{22} \, \mathrm{kg} \)
Månens afstand til jorden: \( 3{,}83 \cdot 10^8 \, \mathrm{m} \)
Planet | masse (kg) | afstand til solen (m) | omløbstid (år) | baneexcentricitet |
---|---|---|---|---|
merkur | \( 3{,}30 \cdot 10^{23} \) | \( 5{,}79 \cdot 10^{10} \) | \( \phantom{0} \phantom{0} 0{,}241 \) | \( 0{,}203 \) |
venus | \( 4{,}87 \cdot 10^{24} \) | \( 1{,}08 \cdot 10^{11} \) | \( \phantom{0} \phantom{0} 0{,}615 \) | \( 0{,}00677 \) |
jorden | \( 5{,}97 \cdot 10^{24} \) | \( 1{,}50 \cdot 10^{11} \) | \( \phantom{0} \phantom{0} 1{,}00 \) | \( 0{,}0167 \) |
mars | \( 6{,}42 \cdot 10^{23} \) | \( 2{,}28 \cdot 10^{11} \) | \( \phantom{0} \phantom{0} 1{,}88 \) | \( 0{,}0934 \) |
jupiter | \( 1{,}90 \cdot 10^{27} \) | \( 7{,}79 \cdot 10^{11} \) | \( \phantom{0} 11{,}9 \) | \( 0{,}0489 \) |
saturn | \( 5{,}68 \cdot 10^{26} \) | \( 1{,43} \cdot 10^{12} \) | \( \phantom{0} 29{,}5 \) | \( 0{,}0565 \) |
uranus | \( 8{,}68 \cdot 10^{25} \) | \( 2{,87} \cdot 10^{12} \) | \( \phantom{0} 84{,}0 \) | \( 0{,}0464 \) |
neptun | \( 1{,}02 \cdot 10^{26} \) | \( 4{,}50 \cdot 10^{12} \) | \( 165 \) | \( 0{,}00868 \) |
Lydens hastighed i luft v. \(20\,{}^\circ\)C | \( 343 \, \mathrm{m/s} \) |
Lydens hastighed i havvand (*) | \( 1500 \, \mathrm{m/s} \) |
Lystes hastighed i vacuum | \( 3{,}00 \cdot 10^8 \, \mathrm{m/s} \) |
Medium | \( n \) | Medium | \( n \) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
vacuum | \( 1 \) | is | \( 1{,}31 \) | |
luft (\(1 \mathrm{atm}, {0\,}^\circ \mathrm{C} \)) | \( 1{,}000 \,\, 293 \) | vinduesglas | \( 1{,}52 \) | |
vand | \( 1{,}333 \) | safir | \( 1{,}77 \) | |
olivenolie | \( 1{,}47 \) | diamant | \( 2{,}42 \) |
(Kilde: engelske Wikipedia)
Metal | \(\rho \, (10^{-9} \, \mathrm{\Omega\cdot m}) \) | Metal | \(\rho \, (10^{-9} \, \mathrm{\Omega\cdot m}) \) | Metal | \(\rho \, (10^{-9} \, \mathrm{\Omega\cdot m}) \) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
aluminium | \( 26{,}50 \) | sølv | \( \phantom{0} 18{,}87 \) | konstantan | \( \phantom{0} 490 \) |
jern | \( 96{,}1 \) | platin | \( 105 \) | nichrom 80/20 | \( 1090 \) |
kobber | \( 16{,}78 \) | guld | \( \phantom{0} 22{,}14 \) | \( \) |
(Kilde: engelske Wikipedia)
Størrelse | Symbol | Værdi |
---|---|---|
Protonens masse | \( m_{ \mathrm{p} } \) | \( 1{,}00727646 \, \mathrm{u} \) |
Neutronens masse | \( m_{ \mathrm{n} } \) | \( 1{,}00866490 \, \mathrm{u} \) |
Elektronens masse | \( m_{ \mathrm{e} } \) | \( 5{,}485799 \cdot 10^{-4} \, \mathrm{u} \) |
\( u c^2 \) | \( 931{,}5 \, \mathrm{MeV}\) |
Find data om isotoper i dette kernekort.
Titalspotens | Præfiks | Forkortelse | Tal | Talnavn | \(10^{24}\) | zetta- | Z | 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 | kvadrillion |
---|---|---|---|---|
\(10^{21}\) | yotta- | Y | 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 | trilliard |
\(10^{18}\) | exa- | E | 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 | trillion |
\(10^{15}\) | peta- | P | 1 000 000 000 000 000 | billiard |
\(10^{12}\) | tera- | T | 1 000 000 000 000 | billion |
\(10^{9}\) | giga- | G | 1 000 000 000 | milliard |
\(10^{6}\) | mega- | M | 1 000 000 | million |
\(10^{3}\) | kilo- | k | 1 000 | tusind |
\(10^{2}\) | hekto- | h | 100 | hundred |
\(10^{1}\) | deka- | da | 10 | ti |
\(10^{0}\) | 1 | |||
\(10^{-1}\) | deci- | d | 0,1 | tiendedele |
\(10^{-2}\) | centi- | c | 0,01 | hundrededele |
\(10^{-3}\) | milli- | m | 0,001 | tusindedele |
\(10^{-6}\) | mikro- | \(\mu\) | 0,000 001 | milliontedele |
\(10^{-9}\) | nano- | n | 0,000 000 001 | milliardtedele |
\(10^{-12}\) | pico- | p | 0,000 000 000 001 | billiontedele |